LINUX 源码包安装
1、 创建用户，并设置密码
以root用户登录：
useradd -g users -d /home/mariadb -m mariadb
passwd mariadb
2、 切换mariadb用户，下载安装包或ftp上传到目标服务器
3、 解压压缩包
tar -xzvf mariadb-10.0.14.tar.gz
4、 编译安装
cd mariadb-10.0.14
cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/mariadb \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mariadb
make
make install
编译中部分参数详解：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX= 指向mysql安装目录
-DINSTALL_SBINDIR=sbin 指向可执行文件目录（prefix/sbin）
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/lib/mysql 指向mysql数据文件目录（/var/lib/mysql）
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql 指向mysql配置文件目录（/etc/mysql）
-DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib/mysql/plugin 指向插件目录（prefix/lib/mysql/plugin）
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man 指向man文档目录（prefix/share/man）
-DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share 指向aclocal/mysql.m4安装目录（prefix/share）
-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=lib/mysql 指向对象代码库目录（prefix/lib/mysql）
-DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include/mysql 指向头文件目录（prefix/include/mysql）
-DINSTALL_INFODIR=share/info 指向info文档存放目录（prefix/share/info）
Storage Engine相关：
若想启用某个引擎的支持：-DWITH_<ENGINE>_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
如：
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
若想禁用某个引擎的支持：-DWITHOUT_<ENGINE>_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
如：
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITHOUT_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
Library相关
-DWITH_READLINE=1 启用readline库支持（提供可编辑的命令行）
-DWITH_SSL=system 启用ssl库支持（安全套接层）
-DWITH_ZLIB=system 启用libz库支持（zib、gzib相关）
-DWTIH_LIBWRAP=0 禁用libwrap库（实现了通用TCP包装的功能，为网络服务守护进程使用）
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 指定TCP端口为3306
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock 指定mysql.sock路径
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 启用本地数据导入支持
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 启用额外的字符集类型（默认为all）
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 指定默认的字符集为utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 设定默认排序规则（utf8_general_ci快速/utf8_unicode_ci准确）
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 编译嵌入式服务器支持
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql 指定mysql用户(默认为mysql)
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 禁用debug（默认为禁用）
-DENABLE_PROFILING=0 禁用Profiling分析（默认为开启）
-DWITH_COMMENT=’string’ 一个关于编译环境的描述性注释
5、 修改my.cnf
# ExampleMySQL config file for small systems.
#
# This isfor a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used
# fromtime to time and it’s important that the mysqld daemon
# doesn’tuse much resources.
#
# MySQL programslook for option files in a set of
#locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You cancopy this option file to one of those
#locations. For information about these locations, see:
#http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In thisfile, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If youwant to know which options a program supports, run the program
# withthe “–help” option.
# Thefollowing options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password =your_password
port = 13306
socket = /home/mariadb/mysql.sock
# Herefollows entries for some specific programs
# TheMySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 13306
socket = /home/mariadb/mysql.sock
datadir =/home/mariadb/data
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size= 16K
max_allowed_packet= 1M
table_open_cache= 4
sort_buffer_size= 64K
read_buffer_size= 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size= 256K
net_buffer_length= 2K
thread_stack= 240K
log-error= /home/mariadb/log/mysqld.log
pid-file= /home/mariadb/bin/mysqld.pid
# Don’tlisten on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if allprocesses that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# Allinteraction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Notethat using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (usingthe “enable-named-pipe” option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
server-id = 1
#Uncomment the following if you want to log updates
log-bin=mysql-bin
# binarylogging format – mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed
# Causesupdates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be
# writtendirectly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that
# thereare no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional
# tablessuch as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM
#t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE
#Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
innodb_data_home_dir= /home/mariadb/data
innodb_data_file_path= ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir= /home/mariadb/data
# You canset .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 – 80 %
# of RAMbut beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size= 16M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size= 2M
# Set.._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_file_size= 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size= 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit= 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout= 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet= 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Removethe next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size= 8M
sort_buffer_size= 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
6、 初始化数据库
./scripts/mysql_install_db –defaults-file=my.cnf
7、 创建文件夹
mkdir /home/mariadb/log
8、 启动数据库
./bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=my.cnf &
9、 为root用户创建密码
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘123’ -S mysql.sock
10、 测试安装（非必须）
perl mysql-test/mysql-test-run.pl
